Over the past year, a series of investigative reports — led by The Guardian in partnership with the Israeli-Palestinian outlet +972 Magazine and the Hebrew publication Local Call — has documented what journalists described as “a symbiotic relationship” between major American tech companies and the Israeli military. The picture that emerges is one of deep structural integration: cloud infrastructure, artificial intelligence systems, and surveillance tools built by Silicon Valley corporations powering Israeli military operations in Gaza.

The full Guardian investigation is available here.

One investigation found that an Israeli mass surveillance system collected nearly all Palestinian phone calls and stored them on Microsoft’s cloud services. When the reporting became public, Microsoft conducted an internal inquiry that resulted in cutting off Israel’s access to certain technologies — an acknowledgment, however partial, that the relationship had exceeded acceptable limits.

Another investigation revealed that the Israeli military developed a ChatGPT-like tool to analyze data collected through the surveillance of Palestinians. A third found that Google and Amazon had agreed to extraordinary contract terms to secure a lucrative deal with Israel — the details of which remain partly undisclosed.

Journalist Yuval Abraham, who participated in the investigations, explained the underlying logic: the Israeli military “had been fetishizing artificial intelligence and big data for many years because the occupation generates a lot of data.” After October 7, 2023, the scope expanded dramatically. “The military was looking to bomb hundreds of targets every day in Gaza,” Abraham told the Guardian. “That’s where the big tech companies stepped in.”

The Gaza Genocide page documents the human consequences of this technology: the mass casualty events, the targeting of civilians, the destruction of hospitals and schools. What these investigations reveal is the infrastructure behind those consequences — and who built it. American technology companies have not been bystanders. They have been contractors.